ESTUDO QUANTO AO COMPORTAMENTO DA GERAÇÃO FOTOVOLTAICA NA REDE DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA

Abstract

The distributed generation, from an alternative source, is becoming evident in the world scenario. One example is the photovoltaic modules installed on residential roofs, which generate energy from an inexhaustible source and inject the power in the point of energy consumption. In this context, and supported by federal decrees and incentives, such as Normative Resolution No. 482/2012, alternative sources for power generation have been advanced in research and applications, to mention Photovoltaic Systems, which present one of the highest growth rates of connections in Distribution Systems, establishing the so-called Distributed Generation, which consists of the decentralized production of energy, that is, near the point of delivery or in the place of consumption thereof. The connection of a photovoltaic system to the utility grid adds benefits and can cause impacts to the distribution system, the utility and the consumer. These impacts may affect some parameters defined to guarantee the efficiency and the full functioning of processes such as these described in module 8 of PRODIST, such as the injection of harmonics in the power grid, low power factor, fluctuation of values voltage, the islanding of systems and the reversal of the power flow, risks to the local electrical installation due to the incorrect design and installation of the components and equipment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impacts caused by presence of photovoltaic systems in the electric grid to seek to minimize them, comparing the possible problems encountered in the applications to the ideal values established in norms and tests, aiming to promote the sustainable development and expansion of this technology to other consumers of distribution systems.