ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE CONCRETOS NORMAIS E CONCRETOS LEVES PARA PRODUÇÃO E DIMENSIONAMENTO ESTRUTURAL DE EDIFÍCIOS DE MÉDIO PORTE

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze and demonstrate the main characteristics that differentiate the use of normal and light structural concrete. The proposed study begins with a bibliographic analysis for the execution of a medium-sized building, the most currently used in Varginha MG. Concretes produced with light aggregates have a significant reduction in specific mass. According to Rossignolo (2009), it can be said that, especially large structures, such as bridges and buildings with multiple floors, have a high structural weight when comparing the loads generated by normal concrete. Being able to obtain a considerable reduction in the total weight of the structure using the light aggregates. The main advantage in the use of this aggregate is the reduction of the loads generated by the structures own weight, which results in a considerable relief in the foundations. Where its use proves to be viable in large structures. This study aims to determine comparative indicators between the use of two normal and light concretes in médium-sized structures, aiming at technical and economic factors, with the objective of analyzing their feasibility at the current moment. Comparisions are made of the structural begavior of the same building under analysis, of 7 floors, in convencional concrete and light concrete, from the results obtained in the analysis of the dimensioning the consumption of materials for both structures was obtained. For lightweight reinforced concrete, a specific weight of 1,79 tf/m3 and a characteristic compressive strength of 30 MPa were adopted, values obtained in tests carried out in this study. For conventional concrete the specific weight of 2,5 tf/m3 was adopted, and the same resistance of 30 MPa for comparative effect. Adjustments were made to the design criteria of NBR 6118 (2014), based on international normative prescriptions, such as EUROCODE 2 (1999), ACI 318 (2008) and ACI 213 (2003), due to the lack of a specific Brazilian standard for this type of material. The software used for processing the structures was that of TQS Informática – TQS Unipro_LP & S + Alvest – version 21.11. The results obtained showed greater lateral displacements in the light concrete building. There was a reduction in the consumption of reinforcement in the slabs by about 5,46% using light concrete, there was na increase in the consumption of reinforcement in the other structural elements around 6,48% in the beams and 8,46% in the columns. In general, there was na increase of 3,07% in the entire structure, and a reduction of total efforts on the foundation around 8,38% equivalente to 84,7 tons.