INFLUÊNCIAS DA IMPORTAÇÃO NA GERAÇÃO DE EMPREGO NA INDÚSTRIA: um estudo no município de Varginha - MG

Abstract

This work addresses the benefits of importation, linked to the possibility of generating and/or increasing job vacancies. This proposal seeks to point out imports as a positive factor in the economy of the municipality of Varginha-MG, demystifying its negative role, often widespread, in addition to verifying the influence of tax benefits on imports with the possibility of increasing employment levels. Therefore, the objective of the research will be to analyze the effects of tax benefits on imports and their relationship with the increase in jobs within industries, in the municipality of Varginha, southern Minas Gerais. It also presents some theories of economic development that contribute to a better understanding at the regional level. This intent will be achieved through bibliographic and documentary research and also, through the application of a questionnaire to companies located in that municipality, which carried out some import between the years 2009 to 2019. Secondary data are related to the employability of the region and the survey of importing companies. All data were analyzed using a qualitative approach. The study population was based on a census, which started with 7810 importing companies in the state of Minas Gerais during the period studied. By carrying out the proper filters for the city of Varginha-MG, it reached a population of 56 companies with industrial characteristics, which were reduced to 38 companies due to the closure of operations or dissonance with the research. In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, many companies adopted the home office regime, making it difficult to access information and respondents. The results correspond to 52.6% of the population actually surveyed, and it is possible to identify that most companies started their imports after the period delimited by the survey and that 45% of respondents fall into the medium-sized category with 100 to 499 employees. It was also possible to identify that more than 70% of these companies have a partial dependence on imported raw material for the manufacture of their products and that many of them do not know or do not apply any type of special customs regime or tariff benefits. Regarding employability, approximately 55% believe that there was an increase in jobs during the period studied. Despite the number of participants it is noccible to con the importance of the import oneration in the acquisition of inputs for manufacturing companies in the city and that even with low use of benefits it is possible to maintain or generate jobs in parallel with the imports carried out.