INSERÇÃO DA MICRO E MINIGERAÇÃO FOTOVOLTAICA DISTRIBUÍDA NO BRASIL PARA UNIDADES CONSUMIDORAS DO GRUPO B

Abstract

The photovoltaic solar energy is becoming reality and consolidated in Brazil, mostly in the form of distributed generation (DG). This process began with the publication of normative resolution (REN) No 482/2012, of the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) on 17 April 2012.Projections made by that Agency estimated that until about 2024 of 1.2 million consumer units to produce their own energy, totaling 4.5 GW of installed capacity. However, since the publication of the resolution in 2012 by October 2015, only 1,285 generating stations have been installed, with 1,233 (96%) with the source solar photovoltaic, wind, hybrid 13 31 (solar/wind), biogas-fired 6, 1biomass and hydraulic 1. According to data from ANEEL, presented during the public hearing No. 026/2015, which occurred the day 19 June 2015 in Brasilia/DF during the review process of the RN 482, up to that time were connected to the mains about 670 of distributed generation units that use the system of compensation (Net metering) established by that resolution. The participation of photovoltaic source represented 632 generating units, namely, 94.3%. This study aims to analyze the integration of photovoltaic generation in micro and minigeration distributed in Brazil for Group B units (consumers in low voltage), identifying the causes of the low rate of accession to the possibilities of distributed generation (DG) and present the scope of a project that will help to spread this technology in our institution (UNIS) as well as in our region. So, based on data collected this work sought to make an analysis on the integration of photovoltaic generation in Brazil-in Group B units, seeking to find reasons why after three years of publication of RN 482/2012, flags entries and smart grid pricing, is still the inexpressible minigeração distributed in photovoltaic and micro Brazil. With the methodology to bibliographical research, participation in Congress and specific courses in the area of solar energy, monitoring of connections of consumer units in GD, this work identified soft spots with regard to dissemination of this new market trend. As a main result of the analysis was the disarticulation between the actors involved (Dealers, service providers, equipment suppliers and consumers), this caused by the lack disarticulation in the training of engineering professionals involved in projects of photovoltaic solutions. The analysis also allowed the conclusion that other factors such as model of financial compensation (Net metering), economic and political instability, institutional obstacles and tributaries as well as doubts as to the items of quality of electric power generated, and of course, the high cost of deployment of photovoltaic Solar power plant (USFV) also contributed to the low levels of membership.