ESPAÇO DE EDUCAR: por uma melhor arquitetura e ambiente de ensino através do método de Montessori

Abstract

This work proposes to analyze the quality of school environments from the architectural approach used throughout history. The process of education is questioned as much as the space in which it happens is questioned. But in fact, is there a single representation of school architecture that can be recognized as the best among the rest? According to history, the fragmented and adapted process of educational building projects has given rise to innumerable strands and theories combined over the years for the pursuit of excellence in school architecture. The aim of the research is to understand the relationship between education and school architecture and to develop the architectural design using the Montessori theories for children from 0 to 5 years old, living in Vargem neighborhood in the city of Varginha, MG. Through the analysis and diagnosis of the object of study, methodologies were developed for the project of the Educational Space for Early Childhood Education to serve the 200 children residing in the research area. For the elaboration of the work theoretical references were used as Roble, Frank Lloyd Wright, João Filgueiras Lima, among others. The results found reinforce the plurality of school environments. However, the pedagogical line of the Italian physician Maria Montessori goes together with the needs of the architectural quality of the environment in the search for children's learning. It is concluded that for the quality of the school space, the Montessori method is efficient because it encompasses the design issues of the best phases of school architecture throughout history.